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Expression wrinkles are a particular type linked to repeated muscle contraction. They appear especially in the top half of the face (crow’s feet, frown wrinkles, etc), but also around the mouth, nose, etc, and they can start showing as soon as the age of 30.

Expression wrinkles appear due to the repeated movements caused by the contraction of our facial muscles. Therefore, this type of wrinkles can be significantly avoided by modulating muscle contraction. In order to reduce expression wrinkles it is important to understand the mechanisms behind muscle contraction: muscles are contracted when they receive neurotransmitter released from a nerve cell in a process known as neuronal exo-cytosis (Fig 1).

More specifically, the neurotransmitter involved is acetylcholine and it is released from a vesicle into the synapse. The process involves several proteins, channels and vesicles (Fig. 2a). The SNARE (SNAp REceptor) protein complex is essential for neurotransmitter release at the synapsis and mediates the final steps of exocytosis. It is a complex formed by three proteins: VAMP (also known as Synaptobrevin, and associated to the vesicle), Syntaxin (associated to the neuron membrane) and SNAP-25 (SyNaptosomal Associated Protein). This complex is like a cellular hook that captures vesicles (a process called docking) and brings them close to the membrane (Fig. 2b) to enable their fusion.

The study of the basic biochemical mechanisms of anti-wrinkle activity has led to this revolutionary hexapeptide which has taken the cosmetic world by storm. ARGIRELINE® is a peptide specifically designed to fight against expression wrinkles. COSMETIC BENEFITS: ARGIRELINE® reduces the depth of wrinkles on the face caused by repeated facial movements especially in the forehead and around the eyes. ARGIRELINE® is a safer and milder alternative to Botulinum Toxin, topically targeting the same wrinkle-formation mechanism in a very different way.
Expression wrinkles are a particular type linked to repeated muscle contraction. They appear especially in the top half of the face (crow’s feet, frown wrinkles, etc), but also around the mouth, nose, etc, and they can start showing as soon as the age of 30. Expression wrinkles appear due to the repeated movements caused by the contraction of our facial muscles. Therefore, this type of wrinkles can be significantly avoided by modulating muscle contraction. In order to reduce expression wrinkles it is important to understand the mechanisms behind muscle contraction: muscles are contracted when they receive neurotransmitter released from a nerve cell in a process known as neuronal exo-cytosis (Fig 1). More specifically, the neurotransmitter involved is acetylcholine and it is released from a vesicle into the synapse. The process involves several proteins, channels and vesicles (Fig. 2a). The SNARE (SNAp REceptor) protein complex is essential for neurotransmitter release at the synapsis and mediates the final steps of exocytosis. It is a complex formed by three proteins: VAMP (also known as Synaptobrevin, and associated to the vesicle), Syntaxin (associated to the neuron membrane) and SNAP-25 (SyNaptosomal Associated Protein). This complex is like a cellular hook that captures vesicles (a process called docking) and brings them close to the membrane (Fig. 2b) to enable their fusion.


In order to have an effective muscle contraction, calcium ions must enter the neuron to trigger vesicle fusion (Fig. 2c) that will release the neurotransmitter into the synapse (Fig. 4). Argireline®: an effective and safe alternative to Botulinum Toxin Argireline® is a hexapeptide patterned from the N-terminal end of the protein SNAP-25. It targets the same protein complex as Botulinum Toxin A, but in a completely different way.Botulinum cleaves the protein SNAP-25 irreversibly, and therefore the SNARE complex cannot assemble. The nerve signal cannot be relayed, the muscle cannot contract and it is paralysed. In contrast, Argireline® is a mimic of the N-terminal end of SNAP-25 and it competes with the natural protein for a position in the SNARE complex, so it destabilises its formation, without breaking any of its components. If the SNARE complex is slightly destabilised, the vesicle cannot release neurotransmitters efficiently. As a consequence, muscle contraction is attenuated and the muscle is relaxed rather than paralysed, preventing the formation of lines and wrinkles.

READ THE STUDIES ABOUT ‘PEPTIDES’ IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS… Int J Tissue React. 2004;26(3-4):105-11. Collagen-like peptide exhibits a remarkable antiwrinkle effect on the skin when topically applied: in vivo study. In this double-blind clinical study, we evaluated the effect of our newly developed synthetic collagen-like hexapeptide on wrinkles. Twenty healthy women volunteers, aged 40 to 62 years old, participated in the study Volunteers applied either a gel formula containing 3% of the collagen-like peptide and 1% of a booster molecule that stimulates general cell metabolism with no specific effect on wrinkles, or a placebo gel, on the eye zone area twice a day for 4 weeks. The results showed that application of the collagen-like peptide on the skin significantly reduced the total surface of wrinkles and this effect was observed in 75% of the replicas. Similarly, the decrease in number and average depth of wrinkles was also significant and was observed in 65% and 75% of the replicas, respectively. The effect of the collagen-like peptide on reducing the total and average length of wrinkles was also remarkable. This effect was statistically highly significant and was observed in 75% to 80% of the replicas. Moreover these results were supported by volunteer questionnaires and clinical observation. The results demonstrate that the collagen-like peptide acts deeply and intensely on wrinkles; these properties are of great interest in the field of antiaging skin care research. Int J Tissue React. 2004;26(3-4):97-104 Stimulating effect of collagen-like peptide on the extracellular matrix of human skin: histological studies. Recent studies of our newly developed synthetic collagen-like hexapeptide have shown that it enhances cultured cell adhesion and differentiation and improves the morphology of ex vivo skin. Consequently, we were interested in further investigating the effects of the collagen-like peptide on the skin. We performed different immunostaining studies on ex vivo human skin samples treated with the collagen-like peptide at 1% in time course studies. Our research also included comparative studies with vitamin C (often used as a positive control for enhancing collagen synthesis). The results showed that application of the collagen-like peptide to the skin enhanced synthesis of many extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and that this effect was observed very early in some ECM molecules such as laminin 5, collagen 111, and collagen IV. The expression of the other molecules was increased after different times of application of the collagen-like peptide. Interestingly, comparative studies with vitamin C showed that the synthesis response of some ECM molecules such as laminin 5, collagen 111 and collagen IV was more rapid after the administration of the collagen-like peptide than through vitamin C administration. Our results also revealed that after a longer treatment period, both active ingredients stimulated ECM molecule synthesis to a similar degree, with the exception of some molecules that remained superiorafterpeptide administration, such as collagen IV and beta 1 integrin. These histological studies demonstrate the remarkable and rapid effect of the collagen-like peptide on stimulating ECM molecule synthesis and suggest wide application for the peptide in antiaging and photoaging skin care products.